Traumatic Brain Injury: Cognitive and Physical Recovery
Firstly, what is a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)?
This is a brain injury that is caused by an external force such as a forceful bump (e.g. falling over and knocking your head on the ground). TBI’s can be classified based on severity levels, ranging from mild to severe.
Recovering from a traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be a long and challenging journey, especially when both cognitive and physical functions are affected. An approach taken for rehabilitation is dual-task training, a method that combines movement with cognitive tasks to improve overall brain function. The purpose of this is to simultaneously engage the body and mind which acts to enhance an individual’s coordination, memory, and ability to perform everyday activities.
Dual tasking explained
Dual-tasking is a rehabilitation technique used by many that involves performing a physical activity while simultaneously engaging in a cognitive task. This acts on stimulating neuroplasticity – the ability of the brain to reorganise and create new connections after an injury (Fritz et al., 2015). Incorporating cognitive tasks into physical exercises has been proven to improve balance, mobility, and cognitive function in individuals with neurological impairments (Spanò et al., 2022).
What are the benefits of dual-tasking
- Improved balance and mobility – studies now indicate that dual-tasking activities help enhance walking patterns, coordination, and overall stability, which can reduce the risk of falls (Evans et al., 2003).
- Cognitive enhancement – performing cognitive challenges while moving strengthens memory, attention, and problem-solving skills (Fritz et al., 2015).
- Increased functional independence – by improving multitasking skills, individuals become better equipped to handle daily activities like walking while carrying groceries or engaging in conversations while moving.
Activities that are classified as dual-tasking
To make dual-task training enjoyable, consider incorporating the following exercises into rehabilitation routines:
- Walking while reciting words – walk at a steady pace while naming items from a specific category, such as animals or types of fruit.
- Toss and recall – play catch with a partner while answering simple math problems or recalling a short list of words.
- Step and sequence – step over cones or markers while memorising and repeating a short sequence of numbers.
- Dance and sing – follow dance steps while singing along to a familiar song, engaging both rhythm and memory.
How to start dual-tasking safely?
Each individual who has experienced a traumatic brain injury has individual needs and rehabilitation should be planned and tailored to their individual abilities and recovery stage. Progression should also be gradual to prevent fatigue and confusion. Therefore, it is important to recognise the importance of gaining professional support through an exercise physiologist or rehabilitation specialist.
Dual-task training is a powerful tool professionals use to assist their patients recovering from TBI, helping them rebuild cognitive and physical strength. By integrating engaging exercises that challenge both the brain and body, patients can make meaningful strides in their rehabilitation journey. With patience, consistency, and professional guidance, dual-task training can significantly improve daily functioning and overall quality of life.
At Longevity Health & Fitness, we specialise in neuro-rehabilitation, offering personalised exercise programs tailored to support recovery from TBIs and other neurological conditions. Our expert team of clinical exercise physiologists is here to help you regain strength, mobility, and confidence in daily life. Get in touch today to learn more
